Resumen Se reportan nuevos registros de Aristolochia stomachoides, Macropeplus ligustrinus, Mollinedia heteranthera, M. lamprophylla, M. puberula, Odontadenia gracilipes, Pseuderanthemum congestum, Ruellia subsessilis y Senecio madagascariensis, presentes en el bosque Atlántico de Brasil, ampliando el conocimiento de su distribución geográfica. Se brindan comentarios sobre la taxonomía, su relación con especies afines, así como hábitat, imágenes y estado de conservación.

Abstract New records of Aristolochia stomachoides, Macropeplus ligustrinus, Mollinedia lamprophylla, M. heteranthera, Odontadenia gracilipes, Pseuderanthemum congestum, Ruellia subsessilis, and Senecio madagascariensis, are here reported in the Atlantic Forest, expanding their geographic distribution knowledge. Comments about their taxonomy, relationships with related species, habitat, images, and conservation status are provided.

Abstract Mollinedia (Monimiaceae) presents numerous microendemic species, and its centre of diversity is in the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest, where more than half of the species occur. The taxonomy of microendemic species can be challenging because their morphological and genetic variations can be interpreted as a response to geographic isolation rather than a circumscription for different species. In this paper, we describe Mollinedia pignalii Lírio & Pauli, a microendemic species from the Espírito Santo state, Brazil. Vegetatively, M. pignalii is similar to Mollinedia elegans Tul. and Mollinedia schottiana (Spreng.) Perkins; however, it presents the following differences: white-puberulous leaves, staminate flowers with a flat receptacle and 6 to 14 stamens, white-puberulous pistillate flowers with a cupuliform receptacle and 8 to 22 carpels, and white-puberulous drupelets. Due to the similarity between the three species, M. pignalii has been collected and deposited in herbaria under different names. Here, we describe the new species based on morphology and genome size, a comparison with similar species, and ecological comments in an integrative approach. We also provide its conservation status and an identification key for the species of Monimiaceae occurring in the state of Espírito Santo.

Abstract This study reviews the knowledge on the use of conventional dental whitening and the use of enzymes as a new approach in bleaching. A review of the literature was based on academic articles and on patents related to the use of enzymes in dental bleaching. Tooth whitening techniques used nowadays are well reported in the literature, and its mechanism of action consists of an oxidoreduction reaction with the release of free radicals. The great instability of radicals, when in contact with the tissues, promotes oxidation and reduction in the size of the pigment chains incorporated into them. These pigments are eventually broken down into smaller and smaller molecular chains and end up being diffused from the dental structure. In turn, the use of enzymes aimed at tooth whitening can be a less harmful alternative to the tooth because their specificity regarding the substrate makes them of great interest to perform specific reactions, reducing collateral effects. The use of proteolytic enzymes and oxidoreductases paired with the application of peroxides, can be a promising alternative for obtaining even better results in the dental bleaching process.

Abstract: Iontophoresis is a noninvasive technique, based on the application of a constant low-intensity electric current to facilitate the release of a variety of drugs, whether ionized or not, through biological membranes. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of iontophoresis using different electric current intensities on the uptake of fluoride in dental enamel with artificial caries lesions. In this in vitro operator-blind experiment, bovine enamel blocks (n = 10/group) with caries-like lesions and predetermined surface hardness were randomized into 6 groups: placebo gel without fluoride applied with a current of 0.8 mA (negative control), 2% NaF gel without application of any current, and 2% NaF gel applied with currents of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 mA. Cathodic iontophoresis was applied for 4 min. The concentration of loosely bound fluoride (calcium fluoride) and firmly bound fluoride (fluorapatite) was determined. The results were analyzed by the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. Iontophoresis at 0.8 mA, combined with the application of fluoridated gel (2% NaF), increased fluoride uptake in enamel with caries-like lesions, as either calcium fluoride or fluorapatite.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as crenças das enfermeiras, em relação à assistência humanizada na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva pediátrica (UTIp). A coleta de dados foi realizada com entrevistas abertas com cinco enfermeiras, depois gravadas e transcritas em sua íntegra. O conteúdo foi analisado, tendo, como referencial teórico, o interacionismo simbólico e, como referencial metodológico, a Teoria Fundamentada em Dados. Com este estudo, foi possível entender que a enfermeira, mesmo encontrando dificuldades para prestar uma assistência humanizada, parece estar abandonando a crença de que UTI é uma unidade tecnicista, passando a buscar estratégias para prestar uma assistência mais humanizada.

This study aimed to understand the nurses' beliefs about humanized care in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Data collection was accomplished through open interviews with five nurses, which were then taped and fully transcribed. The content analyzed was realized in the framework of symbolic interactionism as a theoretical reference base, and used the Grounded Theory methodology. This study allowed for the understanding that the nurse, although she has difficulties in rendering humanized assistance, seems to be giving up the belief that the PICU is a technicist unit and starts looking for strategies to deliver a more humanized assistance.

El estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer las creencias de las enfermeras respecto a la asistencia humanizada en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos pediátrica (UCIp). La recolección de datos fue realizada por medio de entrevistas, con preguntas abiertas a cinco enfermeras y después grabadas y transcritas íntegramente. El contenido verbalizado por las enfermeras fue codificado y analizado teniendo como referencial teórico, el Interaccionismo Simbólico y como referencial metodológico, la Teoría Fundamentada en los Datos. Con este estudio fue posible entender que, aunque la enfermera encuentre dificultad para brindar atención humanizada, parece estar abandonando la creencia de que la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos es una unidad tecnicista, hecho que le está permitiendo ir en la búsqueda de estrategias para el ofrecimiento de una atención más humanizada que considere la presencia frecuente de la familia en la UCI, como forma de aproximación con la familia.

This study aimed to understand the nurses' beliefs about humanized care in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Data collection was accomplished through open interviews with five nurses, which were then taped and fully transcribed. The content analyzed was realized in the framework of symbolic interactionism as a theoretical reference base, and used the Grounded Theory methodology. This study allowed for the understanding that the nurse, although she has difficulties in rendering humanized assistance, seems to be giving up the belief that the PICU is a technicist unit and starts looking for strategies to deliver a more humanized assistance.

El estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer las creencias de las enfermeras respecto a la asistencia humanizada en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos pediátrica (UCIp). La recolección de datos fue realizada por medio de entrevistas, con preguntas abiertas a cinco enfermeras y después grabadas y transcritas íntegramente. El contenido verbalizado por las enfermeras fue codificado y analizado teniendo como referencial teórico, el Interaccionismo Simbólico y como referencial metodológico, la Teoría Fundamentada en los Datos. Con este estudio fue posible entender que, aunque la enfermera encuentre dificultad para brindar atención humanizada, parece estar abandonando la creencia de que la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos es una unidad tecnicista, hecho que le está permitiendo ir en la búsqueda de estrategias para el ofrecimiento de una atención más humanizada que considere la presencia frecuente de la familia en la UCI, como forma de aproximación con la familia.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as crenças das enfermeiras, em relação à assistência humanizada na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva pediátrica (UTIp). A coleta de dados foi realizada com entrevistas abertas com cinco enfermeiras, depois gravadas e transcritas em sua íntegra. O conteúdo foi analisado, tendo, como referencial teórico, o interacionismo simbólico e, como referencial metodológico, a Teoria Fundamentada em Dados. Com este estudo, foi possível entender que a enfermeira, mesmo encontrando dificuldades para prestar uma assistência humanizada, parece estar abandonando a crença de que UTI é uma unidade tecnicista, passando a buscar estratégias para prestar uma assistência mais humanizada.